Gene survival and death on the human Y chromosome

The last manuscript from my thesis research was accepted for publication in December, but I've been too distracted to blog about it. It is available through Open Access (thanks, in part, to the Miller Institute for allowing me to use my research funds to pay for the OA fee).

Mol Biol Evol. 2012 Dec 17. [Epub ahead of print]

Gene Survival and Death on the Human Y Chromosome.

Wilson Sayres MA, Makova KD.

Source
Statistics Department and Integrative Biology Department, University of California-Berkeley.

Abstract

Y chromosomes have long been dismissed as "graveyards of genes," but there is still much to be learned from the genetic relics of genes that were once functional on the human Y. We identified human X-linked genes whose gametologs have been pseudogenized or completely lost from the Y chromosome and inferred which evolutionary forces may be acting to retain genes on the Y. Although gene loss appears to be largely correlated with the suppression of recombination, we observe that X-linked genes with functional Y homologs evolve under stronger purifying selection and are expressed at higher levels than X-linked genes with nonfunctional Y homologs. Additionally, we support and expand upon the hypothesis that X inactivation is primarily driven by gene loss on the Y. Using linear discriminant analysis, we show that X-inactivation status can successfully classify 90% of X-linked genes into those with functional or nonfunctional Y homologs.